The Journal

Explore our latest articles, insights, and stories from the PEPAX team.

epigenetic clock | PEPAX Supplements
JUN 04, 2026 Biological Age Testing: What Epigenetic Clocks Measure and Their Real Limitations

epigenetic clockHorvath's epigenetic clock uses methylation patterns at 353 CpG sites to estimate biological age. Supplements like NMN and lifestyle interventions have...

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hydrogen water and nitric oxide | PEPAX Supplements
JUN 04, 2026 Hydrogen Water and Nitric Oxide: How H2 May Influence Vascular Function

hydrogen water and nitric oxideNitric oxide is essential for vasodilation, but peroxynitrite — formed when NO reacts with superoxide — is highly...

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magnesium and deep sleep | PEPAX Supplements
JUN 04, 2026 Magnesium and Deep Sleep: How This Mineral Affects REM Cycles and Sleep Architecture

magnesium and deep sleepMagnesium regulates GABA receptors and inhibits the excitatory NMDA receptor, creating the neurochemical conditions for sleep onset and maintenance....

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third-party testing supplements | PEPAX Supplements
JUN 04, 2026 Third-Party Testing and cGMP Certification: What These Labels Actually Guarantee

third-party testing supplementscGMP certification means a facility follows FDA manufacturing standards — it does not verify what's in each bottle. NSF, USP,...

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hydrogen water and gout | PEPAX Supplements
JUN 04, 2026 Hydrogen Water and Gout: Uric Acid Reduction and Anti-Inflammatory Evidence

hydrogen water and goutGout is driven by uric acid crystal deposition and subsequent NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Early studies suggest hydrogen water may...

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magnesium and immune function | PEPAX Supplements
JUN 04, 2026 Magnesium and Immunity: How Deficiency Affects White Blood Cell Function and Inflammation

magnesium and immune functionMagnesium is required for T-cell activation, natural killer cell cytotoxicity, and antibody production. A 2022 Science Immunology paper identified...

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mitophagy | PEPAX Supplements
JUN 04, 2026 Mitophagy Explained: How Cellular Cleanup Connects to Longevity and NMN Research

mitophagyMitophagy — the selective autophagy of damaged mitochondria — declines with age as a result of falling NAD+ levels. NMN activates SIRT1...

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hydrogen water and kidney health | PEPAX Supplements
JUN 03, 2026 Hydrogen Water and Kidney Health: Oxidative Protection and Renal Function Research

hydrogen water and kidney healthRenal proximal tubule cells are highly susceptible to oxidative damage. Animal studies show hydrogen water reduces cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity...

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magnesium bisglycinate vs oxide | PEPAX Supplements
JUN 03, 2026 Magnesium Bisglycinate vs Oxide: Why Form Determines How Much You Actually Absorb

magnesium bisglycinate vs oxideMagnesium oxide is the most common form in supplements yet has roughly 4% bioavailability. Bisglycinate (glycinate) shows 80%+ absorption...

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